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Pronouns and Demonstratives - Mawng Ngaralk
 

Pronouns and Demonstratives

[vc_row css_animation=”” row_type=”row” use_row_as_full_screen_section=”no” type=”grid” angled_section=”no” text_align=”left” background_image_as_pattern=”without_pattern” padding_top=”93″ z_index=”” css=”.vc_custom_1584588413086{margin-bottom: 40px !important;}”][vc_column][vc_row_inner row_type=”row” type=”full_width” text_align=”left” css_animation=”” padding_bottom=”50″ css=”.vc_custom_1580686055688{padding-top: 40px !important;padding-right: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 40px !important;padding-left: 25px !important;background-color: #ffffff !important;}”][vc_column_inner width=”2/3″][vc_column_text]Saying who we are talking about[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]Hover over the green words to learn more![/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]There is more than one word for ‘this’ in Mawng. If you are talking about one man, you use nuka, if you are talking about one woman, you use juka. If you are talking about two or more humans, you use puka, a plural form is used mainly for humans. The shapes taken by demonstratives and articles are shown in the table below.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]
Feature (abbreviation) Feature
(name)		 Proximal
 (closer)		 Distal
 (further away)		 Article
MA Masculine nuka naka ja
FE Feminine juka jaka jita
LL Land tuka waka ~ taka ta
VE Vegetation muka maka mata
ED Edible tuka taka ta
PL (Human) plural puka paka pata
[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]Mawng has three kinds of pronouns — cardinal, contrastive and oblique — as shown in the table below.

The ones people use the most are the cardinal pronouns like ngapi ‘me’ and nuyi ‘you’.

Oblique pronouns are used for many things including possession, so ngartu can mean ‘mine’ but also ‘for me’ or ‘to me’. In this table, you will see that there are different words for ‘us’ and ‘you’. Instead of just ‘us’ or ‘we’, Mawng has two different forms, the inclusive form (1pl.in) and the exclusive form (1pl.ex).

 

An inclusive form such as ngarrurri (1pl.in), means ‘us’ or ‘we’ including ‘you’. So if I say to you Ngarrurri arrkpana! ‘We’re going!’ it means ‘Let’s go!’, because the group that is going includes you, so you are coming too.

 

 

But if I say to you Ngarri ngatpana! ‘We’re going!’ it means that I am going somewhere with some people, but you are not coming because I have used the exclusive form of the pronoun, ngarri (1pl.ex)[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text] [/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Mawng Pronouns

English Cardinal Contrastive Oblique
1sg me ngapi ngapimung ngartu(k)
1pl.in us (including you) ngarrurri ngarrurrimung ngarrurru
1pl.ex us (but not you) ngarri ngarrimung ngarru
2sg you (one person) nuyi nuyimung nuwu
2pl you (two or more people) nuwurri nuwurrimung nuwurru
MA he yanat yamin nuyu
FE she inyanat inyamin ngaw
LL it anyanat anyamin
VE it manat mamin
ED it atjanat atjamin
PL they wenat wemin ‑wu ~ –pu
[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_separator type=”normal”][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]© Dictionary compliation, Ruth Singer and Warruwi Community 2021. Mawng speakers own the Mawng language. They also own their knowledge of plants, animals, kinship, Mawng country, customs and history which is compiled in this dictionary.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1/3″][vc_column_text]© Dictionary compliation, Ruth Singer and Warruwi Community 2021. Mawng speakers own the Mawng language. They also own their knowledge of plants, animals, kinship, Mawng country, customs and history which is compiled in this dictionary.[/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=”25px”][vc_empty_space height=”25px”][vc_column_text]
❯ Who made this dictionary?
❯ Mawng dictionary entries explained
❯ Details of dictionary entries
❯ Building Mawng words
❯ Mawng spelling
❯ Parts of speech
❯ Nouns
❯ Verbs
❯ Pronouns and demonstratives
❯ Words for family
❯ Sign language
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